Nitrogen

Nitrogen is used in large quantities in the chemical industry for blanketing, purging and pressure transfer of flammable chemicals.

High purity nitrogen is used in large quantities by the semiconductor industry as a purge or carrier gas as well as for blanketing equipment such as furnaces when not in production.

Nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless and non-toxic inert gas. Liquid nitrogen is colorless. The relative density of gas at 21.1℃ and 101.3kPa is 0.967. Nitrogen is not flammable. It can combine with some particularly active metals such as lithium and magnesium to form nitrides, and can also combine with hydrogen, oxygen and other elements at high temperatures. Nitrogen is a simple asphyxiant.

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Process

Process
Nitrogen is produced in large quantities at air separation plants which liquefy and subsequently distil air into nitrogen, oxygen and usually argon. If very high purity nitrogen is required the nitrogen produced may need to go through a secondary purification process. The lower range of nitrogen purities can also be produced with membrane techniques, and medium to high purities with pressure swing adsorption (PSA) techniques.  
Gas Nitrogen/Liquid nitrogen
CAS No. 7727-37-9
Purity ≥99%

Applications

Semiconductors

High purity nitrogen is used in large quantities by the semiconductor industry as a purge or carrier gas as well as for blanketing equipment such as furnaces when not in production. Nitrogen is also used in the electronic industry for inerting of epitaxial reactors.

Food

Nitrogen is used in mixtures with carbon dioxide for modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) of food stuffs. Liquid nitrogen is used to freeze a wide variety of delicate food, such as hamburgers, strawberries, shrimps etc.

Metal Treating

Nitrogen is used extensively, either pure or, more com- only, in a mixture with a reducing gas such as hydrogen ‘ natural gas, to provide an oxygen free atmosphere during heat treatment of various metals.

Transportation

Nitrogen is used to fill tires to lower wear and limit the risks of blow-outs.

Scientific Research

Liquid nitrogen is used in the nuclear industry, for scientific research.

Biological

Liquid nitrogen is used to store biological materials like tissue, cells etc.

Medical

Liquid nitrogen is also used for cryo surgery. Liquid nitrogen is used in the area of superconductivity.

Frequently Asked Question

What are the uses of nitrogen?

High-purity nitrogen is used as protective gas and carrier gas in the manufacture of integrated circuits, semiconductors and electric vacuum devices. In processes such as epitaxy, lithography, cleaning and evaporation, high-purity nitrogen is used as a gas for replacement, drying, storage and transportation. In aerospace technology, liquid hydrogen filling systems must first be replaced with high-purity nitrogen and then with high-purity helium.

Is nitrogen a gas?

Nitrogen generally has three forms: solid, liquid, and gas.

What is the molar mass of nitrogen?

Nitrogen, the chemical formula is N2, the molar mass of the nitrogen atom is 14g/mol, the relative molecular weight is 28, and the nitrogen percentage in atmosphere is 78%.

Is nitrogen a greenhouse gas?

No. Nitrogen is chemically inactive, and can only react with hydrogen to form ammonia under high temperature, high pressure and catalyst conditions.

What is nitrogen poisoning?

Nitrogen poisoning is a type of poisoning symptom caused by nitrogen. Nitrogen itself is non-toxic, but when the nitrogen content in the air is greater than 84% and the oxygen is less than 16%, it can lead to hypoxia asphyxiation. Patients may experience dizziness, chest tightness, rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, unconsciousness, or even coma, convulsions and other symptoms. Extremely high concentrations of nitrogen can cause sudden death.

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